Mata Hari: Mata-mata Perang Dunia I Berdarah Jawa yang Eksotis
—Foto bernuansa vintage dirias dengan manis oleh seniman Rusia, Olga Shirnia. Nyatanya, foto eksotis nan estetik itu menyimpan kisah panjang yang cukup menggemparkan dunia.
Sosok di balik foto tersebut ialah Mata Hari. Seorang wanita yang dieksekusi mati oleh regu tembak Prancis karena tuduhan menjadi spionase selama berkecamuknya Perang Dunia I.
Nama aslinya adalah Margaretha Geertruida Zelle. Ia lahir di Leeuwarden, Belanda, dari pasangan Adam Zelle dan istri pertamanya yang merupakan Indo (keturunan Belanda-Jawa), Antje van der Meulen.
Zelle (nama kecil Mata Hari) dibesarkan oleh keluarga pedagang yang kaya. "Tetapi kekayaannya menurun ketika dia berusia tiga belas tahun," tulis Nom de Plume kepada History of Yesterday.
Ia menulis dalam sebuah artikel berjudul Mata Hari: How a Housewife Became a Glamorous and Notorious Spy yang terbit pada 30 Oktober
Kemalangan menghampiri Zelle. "Ayahnya bangkrut dan orang tuanya bercerai. Dua tahun kemudian, ibunya meninggal dan keluarganya berantakan," imbuhnya.
Meskipun ayahnya menikah lagi pada tahun , Zelle memilih untuk tinggal
Mata Hari
| Spy dancer Date of Birth: Country: Netherlands |
Content:
- Biography of Mata Hari
- Early Life
- Marriage and Dance Career
- Success and Fame
- World War I and Espionage
- Legacy
Biography of Mata Hari
Mata Hari, born as Margaretha Geertruida Zelle, was a legendary figure during her lifetime. She was an exotic dancer and a spy, captivating the hearts of millions of men with her beauty and talent for extracting state secrets. Mata Hari continues to mystify and intrigue people even after her death.
Early Life
Margaretha Geertruida Zelle was born in August in Leeuwarden, the capital city of the northern Dutch province of Friesland. She grew up as a beautiful girl with a great figure, large eyes, and black hair. At the age of 17, her parents sent her to The Hague to live with her strict uncle.
Marriage and Dance Career
Unhappy with her guardian's supervision, Margaretha sought independence. She decided to get married as a means to escape her current circumstances. She found a potential husband in Rudolf MacLeod, an officer from the Dutch East Indies, who was on leave in the Netherlands. They got married, and Margaretha gave birth to their son. However,
Mata Hari
()
Who Was Mata Hari?
Mata Hari was a professional dancer and mistress who accepted an assignment to spy for France in Hired by army captain Georges Ladoux, agreeing to pass military information gleaned from her conquests to the French government. Not long after, however, Mata Hari was accused of being a German spy. She was executed by firing squad on October 15, , after French authorities learned of her alleged double agency.
Early Life
Mata Hari was born Margaretha Geertruida Zelle in Leeuwarden, Netherlands, on August 7, , to father Adam Zelle, a hat merchant who went bankrupt due to bad investments, and mother Antje Zelle, who fell ill and died when Mata Hari was 15 years old. Following her mother's death, Mata Hari and her three brothers were split up and sent to live with various relatives.
At an early age, Mata Hari decided that sexuality was her ticket in life. In the mids, she boldly answered a newspaper ad seeking a bride for Rudolf MacLeod, a bald, mustachioed military captain based in the Dutch East Indies. She sent a striking photo of herself, raven-haired and olive-skinned, to entice him. Despite a year age difference, they wed on July 11, , whe
The dancer turned secret agent remains an enigma years after her death. She gave us the idea of the sexy spy, including , writes Nicholas Barber.
I
It’s exactly a century since Mata Hari was executed by a French firing squad, having been convicted of spying for Germany. To put it another way, it’s exactly a century since the Dutch dancer and courtesan was reborn as a legend. The first biography of her was published in , just weeks after her death, and since then she has been the subject of biographies and novels, along with a slew of stage shows, television series and films – most notably a biopic starring Greta Garbo.
And those are just the books, films and shows which are officially about Mata Hari. There are at least as many whose siren-spies are clearly inspired by her, even if they have different names. Dishonored () had Marlene Dietrich as a Mata Hari type. One recent academic article categorises Notorious and North by Northwest as ‘Hitchcock’s Mata Hari films’ for their inclusion of female spy characters who use sex to get the job done. And the trailer for next year’s Red Sparrow, featuring Jennifer Lawrence as a Russian agent who is “trained to seduce and mani
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